2014 T4 Aluminum and 2014A T451 Aluminum
Both 2014-T4 and 2014A-T451 aluminum alloys are variants of 2014 aluminum, renowned for their high strength and excellent machinability, making them ideal for heavy-duty structural applications.
| Properties | 2014-T4 Aluminum Alloy | 2014A-T451 Aluminum Alloy |
| Treatment Process | Solution heat-treated and naturally aged | Solution heat-treated, stress-relieved, and then naturally aged |
| Strength | Good strength, suitable for applications requiring a balance of strength and machinability | Slightly higher than T4 state, suitable for high-precision applications requiring low residual stress |
| Machinability | Excellent, simple to machine, suitable for precision forming | Equally excellent, suitable for complex machining with reduced risk of warping and deformation during processing |
| Corrosion Resistance | Moderate, requires caution in corrosive environments due to susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking | Moderate, protective measures are still needed in severe environments to prevent stress corrosion cracking |
| Application Scenarios | Aerospace structures, truck frames, and other general high-strength structural components | Precision-machined parts in the aerospace industry, fasteners, and structural parts requiring stability and anti-deformation |
| Cost-Effectiveness | Relatively economical, suitable for standard high-strength applications | Higher, suitable for applications demanding higher dimensional accuracy and lower residual stress |
2014 T4 T451 Aluminum Other Names/Standard
| Key Words | 2014-T4 Aluminum | 2014A-T451 Aluminum |
| UNS Number | A92014 | A92014 |
| ISO Standard | AlCu4SiMg | AlCu4SiMg |
| BS Standard (UK) | H15 | H15 |
| CSA Standard (Canada) | CS41N | CS41N |
| AA (Aluminum Association) | AA2014-T4 | AA2014-T451 |
| DIN Standard (Germany) | AlCuSiMn | AlCuSiMn |
| NF Standard (France) | A-U4SG | A-U4SG |
2014 T4 Aluminum
Processing: This alloy undergoes solution heat treatment followed by natural aging, resulting in T4 temper. Solution heat treatment enhances its strength by dissolving alloying elements into the aluminum matrix, while natural aging allows these elements to precipitate slowly, improving mechanical properties.
Characteristics:
- Strength: Good, though lower than T6 or T651 temper, suitable for applications requiring a balance of strength and formability.
- Machinability: Excellent machinability, allowing easy forming and precise machining in applications.
- Corrosion Resistance: Moderate, with potential susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking.
Applications: Commonly used in aerospace structures, truck frames, and structural components that require strength along with additional machining or forming.
2014 T451 Aluminum
Processing: 2014A-T451 aluminum is produced through solution heat treatment, followed by stress relief and natural aging. The T451 temper minimizes residual stress from manufacturing, helping to prevent warping and deformation in critical applications.
Characteristics:
- Strength: Slightly higher than T4 due to stress relief but still lower than T6 or T651.
- Machinability: Excellent, similar to 2014-T4, suitable for complex machining with minimal tool wear.
- Corrosion Resistance: Moderate, requiring caution to prevent stress corrosion in challenging environments.
Applications: Common in aerospace and high-strength structural applications, especially for components requiring stability and minimal residual stress, such as precision-machined parts, fittings, and fasteners.
2014 T4 T451 Aluminum Material Properties
| Physical Properties | Metric | English |
| Density | 2.8 g/cc | 0.101 lb/in³ |
| Mechanical Properties | ||
| Hardness, Brinell | 105 | 105 |
| Hardness, Knoop | 132 | 132 |
| Hardness, Rockwell A | 42.8 | 42.8 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 67 | 67 |
| Hardness, Vickers | 118 | 118 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 427 MPa | 62000 psi |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 290 MPa | 42000 psi |
| Elongation at Break | 20% | 20% |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 72.4 GPa | 10500 ksi |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 73.1 GPa | 10600 ksi |
| Compressive Modulus | 73.8 GPa | 10700 ksi |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Fatigue Strength | 262 MPa | 38000 psi |
| Shear Modulus | 28 GPa | 4060 ksi |
| Shear Strength | 262 MPa | 38000 psi |
| Electrical Properties | ||
| Electrical Resistivity | 5.15e-006 ohm-cm | 5.15e-006 ohm-cm |
| Thermal Properties | ||
| CTE, linear 68°F | 23 µm/m-°C | 12.8 µin/in-°F |
| CTE, linear 250°C | 24.4 µm/m-°C | 13.6 µin/in-°F |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.88 J/g-°C | 0.21 BTU/lb-°F |
| Thermal Conductivity | 134 W/m-K | 930 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F |
| Melting Point | 507 - 638 °C | 945 - 1180 °F |
| Solidus | 507 °C | 945 °F |
| Liquidus | 638 °C | 1180 °F |
| Processing Properties | ||
| Annealing Temperature | 413 °C | 775 °F |
| Solution Temperature | 502 °C | 935 °F |
FAQs on 2014 T4 T451 Aluminum
What is T4 grade aluminum?
T4 aluminum refers to an aluminum alloy that has undergone solution heat treatment and has naturally aged to a stable state, offering moderate strength and good formability. It is commonly used in aerospace and automotive structural components.
What is 2014 grade aluminum?
2014 aluminum is a high-strength aluminum-copper alloy with excellent machinability and strength, primarily used in aerospace, defense, and high-performance automotive parts.