2024 T4 Aluminum Plate Sheet
What is 2024 T4 Aluminum?
2024 T4 aluminum is a heat-treated condition of the 2024 aluminum alloy, where "T4" indicates that the alloy has undergone solution heat treatment followed by natural aging. 2024 T4 exhibits the best formability and good machinability.
2024 T4 aluminum alloy provides a good balance between strength and formability, making it suitable for applications that require processing and forming. It is widely used in the aerospace, automotive, and mechanical manufacturing industries, especially for structural components that need good formability and medium strength.
Advantages of 2024 T4 Aluminum
- High formability, suitable for forming and processing.
- Suitable for aerospace components requiring high strength and good plasticity.
- Good machinability, ideal for mechanical processing.
2024 T4 Aluminum Properties
| Property | Description |
| Formability | 2024 aluminum alloy in the T4 condition has high formability, making it easier to process mechanically during forming operations like bending, stretching, and stamping. |
| Strength | Although 2024 T4 aluminum has lower strength than T6 and T3 conditions, it still possesses relatively high tensile strength. |
| Hardness | The hardness of 2024 T4 aluminum is lower compared to T6 or T3 conditions. |
| Weldability | 2024 T4 aluminum has good weldability. While the T4 condition allows for easier forming, care must be taken during welding to avoid overheating, which could affect the distribution of alloy elements and properties. |
| Formability | The T4 condition of the alloy has good plasticity, making it suitable for deep processing such as stretching and stamping. |
| Corrosion Resistance | 2024 T4 aluminum has good corrosion resistance, especially in indoor environments and non-marine climates. However, in more harsh corrosive environments (such as marine conditions), additional coatings or protective measures may be required. |
2024 T4 Aluminum Supplied Forms
The different forms of 2024 T4 aluminum exhibit excellent mechanical properties, formability, and good machinability, making them suitable for manufacturing high-strength, lightweight components in various engineering fields.
| Product Name | Description | Applications |
| Aluminum Rectangular Bar 2024-T4 | 2024-T4 aluminum rectangular bars are made by extruding 2024 aluminum alloy (T4 condition) into rectangular sections, followed by solution heat treatment and natural aging. This process provides high formability and good machinability, making it suitable for applications that require plastic processing, such as aerospace structural components and mechanical parts. The material has high strength, making it ideal for engineering applications that demand lightweight and high-strength components. | Commonly used in aerospace, automotive, and industrial equipment for frames, supports, and other structural components. |
| Aluminum Rectangle Bar 2024-T4-Cold Finish | 2024-T4 cold-finished aluminum rectangular bars are produced by cold working (such as stretching or extrusion) 2024 aluminum alloy (T4 condition). Compared to standard hot-finished bars, cold-finished materials typically offer superior dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties. The cold-working process improves the surface quality and enhances the mechanical properties of the material. | Widely used in precision machining, aerospace parts, structural frames, and engineering applications that require high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality. |
| 2024 T4 ALUM CF BAR | The 2024 T4 aluminum cold-finished bar (CF Bar) refers to 2024 T4 aluminum alloy bars that have been cold worked (cold drawn, cold extruded). This product offers higher dimensional accuracy and a smoother surface, making it suitable for high-performance applications that demand precise dimensions and surface finish. The cold-working process increases the material's hardness and surface strength, while maintaining its good formability and adaptability. | Commonly used in aerospace structural components, mechanical parts, and other applications requiring excellent surface quality and dimensional control. |
2024 T4 Aluminum Technical Information
| Physical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
| Density | 2.78 g/cc | 0.1 lb/in³ | AA; Typical |
| Mechanical Properties | |||
| Hardness, Brinell | 120 | 120 | AA; Typical; 500 g load; 10 mm ball |
| Hardness, Knoop | 150 | 150 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Rockwell A | 46.8 | 46.8 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 75 | 75 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Vickers | 137 | 137 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 469 MPa | 68000 psi | AA; Typical |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 324 MPa | 47000 psi | AA; Typical |
| Elongation at Break | 19 % | 19 % | AA; Typical; 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) Diameter |
| Elongation at Break | 20 % | 20 % | AA; Typical; 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) Thickness |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 73.1 GPa | 10600 ksi | AA; Typical; Average of tension and compression. Compression modulus is about 2% greater than tensile modulus. |
| Ultimate Bearing Strength | 814 MPa | 118000 psi | Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0 |
| Bearing Yield Strength | 441 MPa | 64000 psi | Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
| Fatigue Strength | 138 MPa | 20000 psi | AA; 500,000,000 cycles completely reversed stress; RR Moore machine/specimen |
| Fracture Toughness | 26 MPa-m½ | 23.7 ksi-in½ | K(IC) in S-L Direction |
| Fracture Toughness | 32 MPa-m½ | 29.1 ksi-in½ | K(IC) in T-L Direction |
| Fracture Toughness | 37 MPa-m½ | 33.7 ksi-in½ | K(IC) in L-T Direction |
| Machinability | 70 % | 70 % | 0-100 Scale of Aluminum Alloys |
| Shear Modulus | 28 GPa | 4060 ksi | |
| Shear Strength | 283 MPa | 41000 psi | AA; Typical |
| Electrical Properties | |||
| Electrical Resistivity | 5.82e-006 ohm-cm | 5.82e-006 ohm-cm | AA; Typical at 68°F |
| Thermal Properties | |||
| CTE, linear 68°F | 23.2 µm/m-°C | 12.9 µin/in-°F | AA; Typical; Average over 68-212°F range. |
| CTE, linear 250°C | 24.7 µm/m-°C | 13.7 µin/in-°F | Average over the range 20-300ºC |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.875 J/g-°C | 0.209 BTU/lb-°F | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 121 W/m-K | 840 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F | AA; Typical at 77°F |
| Melting Point | 502 - 638 °C | 935 - 1180 °F | AA; Typical range based on typical composition for wrought products 1/4 inch thickness or greater. Eutectic melting is not eliminated by homogenization. |
| Solidus | 502 °C | 935 °F | AA; Typical |
| Liquidus | 638 °C | 1180 °F | AA; Typical |
| Processing Properties | |||
| Annealing Temperature | 413 °C | 775 °F | |
| Solution Temperature | 256 °C | 493 °F | |
2024 T4 Aluminum Chemistry Information
| Element | Percentage |
| Al | 93.5 |
| Cr | 0.1 max |
| Cu | 3.8 - 4.9 |
| Mg | 1.2 - 1.8 |
| Fe | 0.5 max |
| Mn | 0.3 - 0.9 |
| Si | 0.5 max |
| Zn | 0.25 max |
| Ti | 0.15 max |
Applications of 2024 T4 Aluminum
Due to its high formability and moderate strength, 2024 T4 aluminum is commonly used in applications that require good formability.
- Aerospace: 2024 T4 can be used for materials such as fuselage structural components, bulkheads, wing structures, beams, and supports.
- Automotive: Used for manufacturing body structures, brackets, and other parts that require high formability.
- Industrial Equipment: Used in some mechanical components, such as frames, supports, and other parts.
Common Questions about 2024 T4 Aluminum
1. What is T4 grade aluminium?
T4 grade aluminum refers to an aluminum alloy that has undergone solid solution heat treatment followed by natural aging (also known as "natural age hardening"). The T4 state results in an aluminum product with high ductility and good formability, which makes it suitable for applications requiring deep forming or extensive machining. However, it has lower strength compared to other heat-treated states like T6.
Key Features of T4 Aluminum:
- Good formability
- Higher elongation and ductility
- Suitable for deep drawing, bending, and other forming processes.
2. What is 2024 aluminium grade?
2024 aluminum is an aluminum-copper alloy (Al-Cu) known for its high strength, lightweight nature, and excellent fatigue resistance. It is often used in aerospace and military applications due to its high tensile strength and good machinability. The 2024 aluminum grade is typically heat-treated to different temper states like T3, T4, and T6 to achieve varying levels of strength and workability.
Key Features of 2024 Aluminum:
- High strength
- Excellent fatigue and stress-corrosion resistance
- Commonly used in aerospace and structural applications.
3. What are the disadvantages of 2024 aluminum?
2024 T4 has lower strength than T6 state. Extra protection is required in highly corrosive environments.
4. What is 2024 aircraft grade aluminum?
2024 aircraft grade aluminum refers to a specific heat-treated form of the 2024 aluminum alloy that is designed for use in the aerospace industry. It typically comes in the T3 or T6 temper (but can also be found in T4) for higher strength and fatigue resistance, making it ideal for aircraft structures such as wings, fuselages, and empennages.
Key Features of 2024 Aircraft Grade Aluminum:
- High strength-to-weight ratio, crucial for aviation
- Excellent resistance to fatigue
- Typically used in aerospace structures, such as airframes and wings.
- T6 is most common for high-strength applications in aerospace.
