7475 T651 Aluminum Plate
T651 7475 aluminum is a high-performance material that undergoes special treatment. The 7475 aluminum alloy requires three steps: solution heat treatment, stress relief, and artificial aging.
- Solution heat treatment: The aluminum alloy is heated to a high temperature to fully dissolve the alloying elements into the aluminum matrix.
- Stress relief: The material is stretched to eliminate internal stresses generated during processing. The degree of stretching depends on the type of forged product (such as thin sheets, plates, rods, or forgings).
- Artificial aging: Aging treatment is performed at a specific temperature to enhance the material's strength and stability.
7475 T651 is a high-strength, high-toughness aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy, with exceptional properties and performance, particularly in the aerospace field.
| Property | Performance |
| Strength | Very good |
| Workability | Average |
| Weldability | Low |
| Formability | Poor |
| Corrosion resistance | Normal |
| Heat treatment capability | Yes |
7475 T651 corresponds to the following standards and specifications:
- Plate standard: AMS 4090
- Alloy name: 7475, UNS A97475, AlZn5.5MgCu
Aluminum 7075 T651 Features
1. High strength and toughness
7475-T651 has extremely high strength, suitable for environments that experience heavy loads.
Compared to 7075-T651, it has 40% higher fracture toughness, making it more suitable for critical structural applications.
2. Resistance to fatigue crack growth
Its excellent toughness effectively prevents the expansion of fatigue cracks and fractures, extending the material's service life.
3. Excellent corrosion resistance
7475-T651 performs excellently in stress corrosion cracking and pitting resistance, outperforming 7075, 7050, and 2024 alloys.
7475 T651 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
7475-T651 aluminum alloy has very high tensile and yield strength, and is widely used in the aerospace industry. Compared to other high-strength aluminum alloys like 7075-T651, the fracture toughness of 7475 alloy is about 40% higher. This means that 7475 alloy exhibits better resistance when subjected to impact and fatigue loads, reducing the risk of fatigue crack and fracture propagation.
7475 T651 Aluminum Corrosion Resistance
7475-T651 aluminum alloy has better corrosion resistance than many other high-strength aluminum alloys, such as 7075, 7050, and 2024. This makes 7475 alloy more reliable for applications in humid or corrosive environments, extending its service life.
7475 T651 Aluminum Material Data Sheet
| Physical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
| Density | 2.81 g/cc | 0.102 lb/in³ | AA; Typical |
| Mechanical Properties | |||
| Hardness, Brinell | 150 | 150 | 500 kg load with 10 mm ball. Calculated value. |
| Hardness, Knoop | 190 | 190 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Rockwell A | 53.5 | 53.5 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 87 | 87 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Vickers | 175 | 175 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 586 MPa | 85000 psi | AA; Typical |
| Tensile Yield Strength | 510 MPa | 74000 psi | AA; Typical |
| Elongation at Break | 13 % | 13 % | AA; Typical; 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) Diameter |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 71.7 GPa | 10400 ksi | AA; Typical; Average of tension and compression. Compression modulus is about 2% greater than tensile modulus. |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
| Machinability | 70 % | 70 % | 0-100 Scale of Aluminum Alloys |
| Shear Modulus | 27 GPa | 3920 ksi | |
| Shear Strength | 350 MPa | 50800 psi | Calculated value. |
| Electrical Properties | |||
| Electrical Resistivity | 4.99e-006 ohm-cm | 4.99e-006 ohm-cm | AA; Typical at 68°F |
| Thermal Properties | |||
| CTE, linear 68°F | 23.2 µm/m-°C | 12.9 µin/in-°F | AA; Typical; Average over 68-212°F range. |
| CTE, linear 250°C | 25.2 µm/m-°C | 14 µin/in-°F | Average over the range 20-300ºC |
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.88 J/g-°C | 0.21 BTU/lb-°F | Estimated from trends in similar Al alloys. |
| Thermal Conductivity | 138 W/m-K | 960 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F | AA; Typical at 77°F |
| Melting Point | 477 - 635 °C | 890 - 1175 °F | AA; Typical range based on typical composition for wrought products 1/4 inch thickness or greater |
| Solidus | 477 °C | 890 °F | AA; Typical |
| Liquidus | 635 °C | 1175 °F | AA; Typical |
| Processing Properties | |||
| Annealing Temperature | 413 °C | 775 °F | |
| Solution Temperature | 516 °C | 960 °F | must be preceded by soak at 870 to 890°F |
| Aging Temperature | 121 - 177 °C | 250 - 350 °F | |
7475 T651 Aluminum Chemical Properties
| Chemical Properties | % Value |
| Silicon (Si) | 0,00 - 0,10 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0,18 - 0,25 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0,00 - 0,06 |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 1,90 - 2,60 |
| Copper (Cu) | 1,20 - 1,90 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 0,00 - 0,06 |
| Iron (Fe) | 0,00 - 0,12 |
| Zinc (Zn) | 5,2 - 6,20 |
| Aluminium (Al) | Balance |
7475 T651 Aluminum Physical Properties
| Physical Properties | Value |
| Density | 2,81 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 477 °C |
| Thermal Expansion | 23 µm/m.°C |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 71,7 GPa |
| Thermal Conductivity | 138 W/m.K |
| Electrical Resistivity | %34 IACS |
7475 T651 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
| Mechanical Properties | Value |
| Proof Strength | 510 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 586 MPa |
| Shear Strength | 350 MPa |
| Elongation A50 mm | %12 |
| Hardness | 150 HB |
7475 T651 Aluminum Applications
1. Aerospace
In aircraft parts, especially the construction of wing components and connecting devices, fuselage, and as a cross-sectional protective device in a high-dynamic-force closed system.
- Aircraft structural components: Fuselage skin, frames, and bulkheads.
- Wing components: Skin, wing spars, and ribs.
- High-performance bolts: Used for connecting critical components, providing strength and durability.
2. Military Equipment
Armor plates: Used in areas requiring high ballistic resistance.
Missile and rocket components: Requires a combination of lightweight and high strength.
3. Industrial Applications
Used in high-strength equipment frames and supports, especially for parts that require long-term durability.
7475 T651 Aluminum Machinability
1. Machinability
7475-T651 has good machinability, suitable for turning, milling, and drilling operations, allowing for the precise manufacture of highly complex parts.
2. Weldability
Although weldability is relatively low, it can be processed using techniques like friction stir welding (FSW).
3. Surface Treatment
Suitable for anodizing and coating treatments, further enhancing corrosion resistance and aesthetics.
7475 T651 Aluminum Production Process
1. Heat Treatment Process
- Solution heat treatment: Through heating and rapid cooling, alloying elements are evenly distributed, improving the material's hardness and strength.
- Stress relief: By applying a certain amount of stretching to the material, internal stresses are relieved, preventing deformation or cracking during processing and use.
- Artificial aging: Treated at a controlled temperature for an extended period, optimizing the alloy's microstructure and enhancing mechanical properties.
2. Stretching Control
Depending on the type of product, different amounts of stretching are applied to ensure uniform performance. Typical products include thin sheets, plates, rods, and forgings.
7475-T651 aluminum alloy, with its high strength, toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance, is the preferred material in aerospace, military equipment, and high-performance industrial applications. Particularly, its ability to prevent fatigue crack propagation and provide high fracture toughness ensures reliability and stability under demanding conditions.
7475 Aluminum Supplied Temper Type Forms
EN AW 7475 is supplied in the following heat treatment types:
| Heat Treatment Condition (Temper Type) | Description |
| 7475 T61 | Solution heat treated and artificially aged, providing good strength and stress corrosion resistance, but lower toughness. Commonly used in high-strength aerospace structural components. |
| 7475 T651 | Solution heat treated, stress relieved, and artificially aged, offering high strength and toughness. Widely used in aerospace applications, especially in those with higher fatigue and corrosion requirements. |
| 7475 T7351 | Solution heat treated, stress relieved, and specifically aged, offering excellent fatigue resistance and good strength. Suitable for some high-demand structural components. |
| 7475 T76 | Solution heat treated and artificially aged, providing good strength and corrosion resistance, suitable for components subjected to long-term loading and harsh environmental conditions. |
| 74756T761 | Solution heat treated and artificially aged, with a unique heat treatment process that strikes a balance between strength and toughness, commonly used in structural components. |
| 7475 T7651 | Solution heat treated, stress relieved, and artificially aged, with a special emphasis on improving fatigue resistance and crack propagation resistance. Suitable for complex, high-strength aerospace components. |
These different heat treatment conditions determine the performance characteristics of 7475 aluminum alloy, and the appropriate condition can be selected based on specific application requirements.
